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Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics

Volume 54, 2016

Masses, Radii, and the Equation of State of Neutron Stars

Abstract

We summarize our current knowledge of neutron-star masses and radii. Recent instrumentation and computational advances have resulted in a rapid increase in the discovery rate and precise timing of radio pulsars in binaries in the past few years, leading to a large number of mass measurements. These discoveries show that the neutron-star mass distribution is much wider than previously thought, with three known pulsars now firmly in the 1.9–2.0-M mass range. For radii, large, high-quality data sets from X-ray satellites as well as significant progress in theoretical modeling led to considerable progress in the measurements, placing them in the 10–11.5-km range and shrinking their uncertainties, owing to a better understanding of the sources of systematic errors. The combination of the massive-neutron-star discoveries, the tighter radius measurements, and improved laboratory constraints of the properties of dense matter has already made a substantial impact on our understanding of the composition and bulk properties of cold nuclear matter at densities higher than that of the atomic nucleus, a major unsolved problem in modern physics.

Keyword(s): dense matter, neutron stars, pulsar timing, pulsars, X-ray sources
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2016-09-19
2024-04-16
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Masses, Radii, and the Equation of State of Neutron Stars
Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 54, 401 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-081915-023322
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-astro-081915-023322
/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-astro-081915-023322
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