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A Lecture in Plant Biology: Control of Arabidopsis Root Development
Dr. Philip Benfey Professor of Biology Director of the Duke Center for Systems Biology and contributing author of the 2012 Annual Review of Plant Biology talks about his article Control of Arabidopsis Root Development. In this lecture he discusses the cellular and genetic mechanisms that underlie root formation in Arabidopsis thaliana from embryonic roots to lateral roots. He also describes how the roots react to environmental stress such as high salinity. Finally he explains how molecular genetics genomics and systems biology made it possible to control root development.
DNA Replication and Genomic Architecture of Very Large Bacteria: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Esther R. Angert "DNA Replication and Genomic Architecture of Very Large Bacteria" from the Annual Review of Microbiology. This movie was compiled from a series of fluorescence microscopy images of equally spaced focal planes through the thickness of an Epulopiscium cell stained with DAPI. Shown is the tip of a mother cell with a small fully engulfed offspring cell. The mother cell DNA network comes into view first followed by the more highly condensed DNA network of the offspring.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Twitching Motility: Type IV Pili in Action: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Lori L. Burrows "Pseudomonas aeruginosa Twitching Motility: Type IV Pili in Action" from the Annual Review of Microbiology.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa spreads rapidly across a surface by twitching motility.
A Conversation with Arnold Harberger
A Lecture in Psychology: Religion, Morality, Evolution
Paul Bloom Professor of Psychology and Cognitive Science at Yale University and contributing author of the 2012 Annual Review of Psychology talks about his article "Religion Morality Evolution." How did religion evolve? What effect does religion have on our moral beliefs and moral actions? These questions are related as some scholars propose that religion has evolved to enhance altruistic behavior toward members of one's group. But Bloom argues while religion has powerfully good moral effects and powerfully bad moral effects these are due to aspects of religion that are shared by other human practices. There is surprisingly little evidence for a moral effect of specifically religious beliefs.
Galactic Stellar Populations in the Era of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Other Large Surveys: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Željko Ivezić Timothy C. Beers and Mario Jurić "Galactic Stellar Populations in the Era of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Other Large Surveys" from the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics.
The distribution of RR Lyrae stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 contrasted with an artist's concept of the disk plane. The color scheme displays the RR Lyrae number density multiplied by the cube of the Galactocentric radius (logarithmic scale from light blue to red). Note the rich structure present. The white dots outlined by white dashed lines show the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal ("Sgr dwarf") and its tidal streams as modeled by the Law Johnston & Majewski (2005) "spherical" model (the model stream overlaps with one of the detected clumps Sgr; for discussion see Sesar et al. 2010a). Adapted from Sesar et al. 2010a.
Quantitative Imaging Methods for the Development and Validation of Brain Biomechanics Models: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Philip V. Bayly Erik H. Clayton and Guy M. Genin "Quantitative Imaging Methods for the Development and Validation of Brain Biomechanics Models" from the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering.
Movie created from tagged magnetic resonance images of an axial section of the human brain in vivo during voluntary mild angular acceleration of the head. Details of the motion and image acquisition are in Reference 60 (Sabet et al. 2008).
Quantitative Imaging Methods for the Development and Validation of Brain Biomechanics Models: Supplemental Video 2
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Philip V. Bayly Erik H. Clayton and Guy M. Genin "Quantitative Imaging Methods for the Development and Validation of Brain Biomechanics Models" from the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering.
Movie created from tagged magnetic resonance images of a sagittal section of the human brain in vivo during voluntary mild linear acceleration of the head. Details of the motion and image acquisition are in Reference 62 (Feng et al. 2010).
Quantitative Imaging Methods for the Development and Validation of Brain Biomechanics Models: Supplemental Video 3
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Philip V. Bayly Erik H. Clayton and Guy M. Genin "Quantitative Imaging Methods for the Development and Validation of Brain Biomechanics Models" from the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering.
Movie created from 3-dimensonal displacement measurements acquired by magnetic resonance elastography of an axial section of the human brain in vivo. Details of the motion and image acquisition are in Reference 105 (Clayton et al. 2012).
A Lecture in Psychology: Origins of Human Cooperation and Morality
Michael Tomasello of the Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology discusses his article for the 2013 Annual Review of Psychology titled "Origins of Human Cooperation and Morality." In this video he shares footage of chimpanzees and of toddlers collaborating showing that while cooperation exists among other primates it is much more developed in our societies even among very young humans. Children have a stronger sense of egalitarianism and do a better job of suppressing their self-interest when they cooperate on a task. Not only that they are capable of demonstrating norm-based group-mindedness another form of collaboration.
Bio-Inspired Antifouling Strategies: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Chelsea M. Kirschner and Anthony B. Brennan "Bio-Inspired Antifouling Strategies" from the Annual Review of Materials Research.
Platform material defines surface chemistry mechanical properties and physical interactions based upon inherent material chemical structure and processing. Topography added using the same material or a different material to impart or enhance non-wetting characteristics. Feature geometry and arrangement affect the mechanics of the surface and dewetting behavior. Surface chemistry is adjustable using graft technology to introduce both specific and non-specific chemical interactions with settling organisms. The path generated by the feature arrangement is referred to as the surface tortuosity. The tortuosity is a key factor in the surface antifouling efficiency. The organism approaches the surface "tests" the surface and then moves to a more favorable surface for settlement.
Circuits for Skilled Reaching and Grasping: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Bror Alstermark and Tadashi Isa "Circuits for Skilled Reaching and Grasping" from the Annual Review of Neuroscience.
Behavioral effects on reaching and grasping following a C5 dorsolateral funiculus lesion of the corticospinal tract in the macaque monkey. From Sasaki et al. 2004 with permission.
Circuits for Skilled Reaching and Grasping: Supplemental Video 2
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Bror Alstermark and Tadashi Isa "Circuits for Skilled Reaching and Grasping" from the Annual Review of Neuroscience.
Behavioral effects on reaching and grasping following a C2 dorsolateral funiculus lesion of the corticospinal tract in the macaque monkey. From Alstermark et al. 2011 with permission.
A Lecture in Psychology: The Evolutionary Origins of Friendship
Professor Robert M. Seyfarth discusses social behavior of baboons including the link between close friendships and longevity.
An Interview with Michael Hout
Michael Hout Natalie Cohen Professor of Sociology and Demography at the University of California Berkeley and contributing author of the 2012 Annual Review of Sociology talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about his article Social and Economic Returns to College Education in the United States. The research he cites shows that despite all the criticism about its cost and the skills it teaches higher education still makes a significant difference in people's lives for the better and it also benefits society as a whole.
My Life with LIF: A Personal Account of Developing Laser-Induced Fluorescence: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Richard N. Zare "My Life with LIF: A Personal Account of Developing Laser-Induced Fluorescence" from the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry.
The author illustrates laser-induced fluorescence of I2 excited with a green laser pointer.
A Lecture in Plant Biology: Engineered Minichromosomes in Plants
This lecture video about engineered minichromosomes in plants is a companion to the Annual Review of Plant Biology article titled Synthetic Chromosome Platforms in Plants.
An Interview with Suzanne Fenton
Suzanne Fenton Leader of the Reproductive Endocrinology Group at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Contributor of the 2012 Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology talks to Anna Rascouët-Paz about her article Perinatal Environmental Exposures Affect Mammary Development Function and Cancer Risk in Adulthood which she co-wrote with Casey Reed and Retha R. Newbold. She discusses the rapid drop in breast development age which she calls an epidemic and its consequences. She also lists chemicals that may be responsible explains what parents can do to help prevent it and calls for more funding for research and education. (Posted June 17 2012)
The Effects of Tropospheric Ozone on Net Primary Productivity and Implications for Climate Change: Supplemental Video 1
A supplemental video from the 2012 review by Elizabeth A. Ainsworth Craig R. Yendrek Stephen Sitch William J. Collins and Lisa D. Emberson "The Effects of Tropospheric Ozone on Net Primary Productivity and Implications for Climate Change" from the Annual Review of Plant Biology.
This animation shows surface ozone images from real-time simulations of MOZART-4 available for chemical forecasts. Estimates of surface ozone concentrations are provided at 6 hr time intervals from July 1 2010 to June 30 2011. The Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers version 4 (MOZART-4) is a global chemical transport model for the troposphere driven by offline meteorology and is fully described in Emmons et al. (2). These forecasts are driven by meteorology from National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Forecast System and use fire emissions updated daily with MODIS fire counts (available from the University of Maryland).